CY3151– ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

• To inculcate sound understanding of water quality parameters and water treatment
  techniques.
• To impart knowledge on the basic principles and preparatory methods of nanomaterials.
• To introduce the basic concepts and applications of phase rule and composites.
• To facilitate the understanding of different types of fuels, their preparation, properties and
  combustion characteristics.
• To familiarize the students with the operating principles, working processes and applications
  of energy conversion and storage devices.

UNIT I WATER AND ITS TREATMENT

Water: Sources and impurities, Water quality parameters: Definition and significance of-color, odour,
turbidity, pH, hardness, alkalinity, TDS, COD and BOD, fluoride and arsenic. Municipal water
treatment: primary treatment and disinfection (UV, Ozonation, break-point chlorination). Desalination
of brackish water: Reverse Osmosis. Boiler troubles: Scale and sludge, Boiler corrosion, Caustic
embrittlement, Priming & foaming. Treatment of boiler feed water: Internal treatment (phosphate,
colloidal, sodium aluminate and calgon conditioning) and External treatment – Ion exchange
demineralization and zeolite process.

UNIT II NANOCHEMISTRY

Basics: Distinction between molecules, nanomaterials and bulk materials; Size-dependent
properties (optical, electrical, mechanical and magnetic); Types of nanomaterials: Definition,
properties and uses of – nanoparticle, nanocluster, nanorod, nanowire and nanotube. Preparation
of nanomaterials: sol-gel, solvothermal, laser ablation, chemical vapour deposition, electrochemical
deposition and electro spinning. Applications of nanomaterials in medicine, agriculture, energy,
electronics and catalysis.

UNIT III PHASE RULE AND COMPOSITES

Phase rule: Introduction, definition of terms with examples. One component system – water system;
Reduced phase rule; Construction of a simple eutectic phase diagram – Thermal analysis; Two
component system: lead-silver system – Pattinson process.
Composites: Introduction: Definition & Need for composites; Constitution: Matrix materials (Polymer
matrix, metal matrix and ceramic matrix) and Reinforcement (fiber, particulates, flakes and whiskers).
Properties and applications of: Metal matrix composites (MMC), Ceramic matrix composites and
Polymer matrix composites. Hybrid composites – definition and examples.

UNIT IV FUELS AND COMBUSTION

Fuels: Introduction: Classification of fuels; Coal and coke: Analysis of coal (proximate and ultimate),
Carbonization, Manufacture of metallurgical coke (Otto Hoffmann method). Petroleum and Diesel:
Manufacture of synthetic petrol (Bergius process), Knocking – octane number, diesel oil – cetane
number; Power alcohol and biodiesel.
Combustion of fuels: Introduction: Calorific value – higher and lower calorific values, Theoretical
calculation of calorific value; Ignition temperature: spontaneous ignition temperature, Explosive
range; Flue gas analysis – ORSAT Method. CO2 emission and carbon footprint.

UNIT V ENERGY SOURCES AND STORAGE DEVICES

Stability of nucleus: mass defect (problems), binding energy; Nuclear energy: light water nuclear
power plant, breeder reactor. Solar energy conversion: Principle, working and applications of solar
cells; Recent developments in solar cell materials. Wind energy; Geothermal energy; Batteries:
Types of batteries, Primary battery – dry cell, Secondary battery – lead acid battery and lithium-ionbattery; Electric vehicles – working principles; Fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, microbial fuel cell;
Supercapacitors: Storage principle, types and examples

UNIT – 1 / WATER TECHNOLOGY

PART – A

1. Define hardness of water.
2. What are boiler boiler compounds?
3. Define calgon conditioning of water.
4. Write the significance of PH
5. Name any four impurities of water.
6. What is phosphate conditioning of water?
7. What is the requirements boiler feed water?
8. Soft water is not DM water, where as DM water is called soft water .justify.
9. What is de-salination?
10. Define BOD and COD.

UNIT – II – NANO CHEMISTRY

1. What are nano-materials?
2. Define electrochemical deposition.
3. Distinguish between bulk particle and nano-particles?
4. What is electro spinning?
5. Mention the types of CNT.
6. What are nano clusters?
7. How are nano-particles prepared by sol – gel method?
8. What are carbon nano-tubes?
9. Mention some uses of CNTs.
10. Differentiate nanorod and nanowire.

UNIT – III / PHASE RULE& COMPOSITES

1. Define phase rule.
2. What is reduced OR condensed phase rule?
3. Define thermal analysis (or) cooling curves.
4. Define pattinsons process of de-silverization.
5. Define triple point.
6. What are composites?
7. Define hybrid composites.
8. Define eutectic point.
9. Define component.
10. Write the uses of composites.

UNIT – IV/ FUELS AND COMBUSTION

1. How fuels are classified?(2)
2. Define carbon footprint.(2)
3. What is calorific value? (2)
4. Differentiate HCV and LCV.
5. What knocking?
6. Define Octane number.
7. Define Cetane number.
8. What is bio-diesel?
9. Write the composition of CNG and LPG.
10. Give the drawback of sulphur present in the coal.

UNIT – V / ENERGY SOURCES AND STORAGE DEVICES

1. Define nuclear fission reaction.
2. What is breeder reactor?
3. List out the merits of wind energy.
4. What is super capacitor?
5. What are secondary batteries?
6. Give the advantages of LI-ion battery.
7. Define microbial fuel cell.
8. List out the drawback of nuclear energy.
9. Give any two advantages of alkaline battery over dry cell?
10. What is geothermal energy?

PART – B
UNIT – I – WATER TECHNOLOGY

1. Describe de-mineralization process of water softening. Explain the reactions involved.
2. How is the softening of water carried out using the Zoelite process?
3. Explain the Municipal (Domestic) water treatment
4. Explain the boiler troubles. Sludge and Scale formation methods
5. Discuss the reverse osmosis and its merits.
6. Explain the internal treatment of water treatment.

UNIT – II NANO CHEMISTRY

1. Explain about the size dependent properties of nano materials.
2. Explain the applications of nanomaterials in various fields.
3. Discuss the CVD and laser ablation techniques for the synthesis of nano materials.
4. Discuss the electro-deposition techniques for the synthesis of nanoparicles.
5. Differentiate nanoparticle, materials and bulk materials.
6. How are carbon nano tubes synthesized? What are its applications?

UNIT – III – PHASE RULE & COMOPOSITES

1. Explain the terms involved in phase rule.
2. Discuss the one component system of phase rule to water system.
3. Draw a phase diagram of Lead – silver system of two components.
4. Explain the various types of FRP composites.
5. Discuss the properties of composites.

UNIT – IV – FUELS AND COMBUSTION

1. Explain the proximate analysis of coal.
2. What is carbonization? And explain metallurgical coke by Otto-Hoffmann method.
3. Discuss the Synthetic petrol prepared by Bergius process.
4. Explain flue gas analysis by ORSAT method.
5. Explain the ultimate analysis of coal.

UNIT – V – ENERGY SOURCES AND STORAGE DEVICES

1. Discuss the various components in nuclear reactor with neat sketch.
2. Explain the photo galvanic cell (solar cell) and its application.
3. What is fuel cell? Explain the H2-O2 fuel cell.
4. Discuss the Lead – Acid storage battery and its reactions. (Accumulators)
5. Explain the principle and working of super capacitor.
6. Discuss the principle and working of wind energy.